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DOErrors in Root Canal Treatment (RCT)
1️⃣ Ledge Formation:
• It is a deviation created on the root canal wall that stops further instrumentation to the apex.
• Common in curved canals.
• Cause: Use of large or straight files, inadequate glide path.
• Prevention: Always pre-curve stainless-steel files, use NiTi rotary systems in curved canals.
2️⃣ Perforation:
• Unwanted communication between root canal and surrounding tissues.
• Types: coronal (during access), mid-root (during cleaning), apical (over-instrumentation).
• Effects: Pain, bleeding, failure of RCT.
• Prevention: Know anatomy, use electronic apex locator, avoid excessive force.
• Management: Immediate sealing with MTA, Biodentine, or GIC.
3️⃣ Zipping / Apical Transportation:
• Occurs when the apical foramen gets enlarged and deviates from its original position.
• Seen in curved canals when files are forced.
• Prevention: Maintain working length, use balanced force technique, and flexible files.
Quick Tip:
Always check WL before each instrument change.
Curved canals need patience, not pressure.
Common Errors in RCT – Simplified for Students
Ledge • Perforation • Zipping → Prevention is the Key!
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