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THIn misty or low-visibility conditions, the Instrument Landing System (ILS) enables a safe landing by giving the aircraft two extremely accurate radio-based guidance signals: the localizer, which keeps the aircraft perfectly aligned with the runway centerline, and the glideslope, which guides it down the correct descent angle. As visibility reduces in mist, the pilot relies less on outside visual cues and more on cockpit instruments; in advanced low-visibility modes (CAT II/CAT III), the autopilot can even follow the ILS beams automatically all the way to touchdown. Combined with runway visual aids like approach lights and touchdown zone lights, ILS allows the aircraft to descend safely through the mist and acquire the runway only in the final seconds before landing.
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