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JA🔥 Java 8 Stream API
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1️⃣ Stream ≠ Collection
Collections store data. Streams process data.
They’re lazy, immutable, and one-time use.
2️⃣ Functional + Lambdas
Cleaner loops:
list.stream().forEach(System.out::println);
3️⃣ Intermediate (lazy) → filter, map, flatMap, sorted, distinct, limit, skip
Terminal (executes) → forEach, collect, reduce, count, findFirst, anyMatch
4️⃣ Lazy Evaluation
Stream runs only when a terminal op is called.
5️⃣ map vs flatMap
map() → 1 → 1
flatMap() → many → flat stream
6️⃣ filter()
Predicate-based filtering: n -> n % 2 == 0
7️⃣ reduce()
Aggregates into a single value: sum, min, max, etc.
8️⃣ collect()
Convert stream → List/Set/Map
Collectors.toList(), toMap()
9️⃣ Parallel Streams
Good for CPU-heavy tasks.
Avoid with shared mutable state.
🔟 Short-Circuit Ops
anyMatch, findFirst, limit → stop early for performance.
1️⃣1️⃣ Streams can’t be reused
Once consumed → closed.
1️⃣2️⃣ Don’t modify original data
Streams return new results; source stays unchanged.
1️⃣3️⃣ Primitive Streams
IntStream, LongStream, DoubleStream → no boxing costs.
1️⃣4️⃣ Method References
System.out::println → cleaner than lambdas.
1️⃣5️⃣ Streams + Optional
Null-safe operations like max(), findFirst() return Optional.
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