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NE1 Million RPS isn't about code, it's about architecture.
Here are the 8 key layers to scale your API architecture.
👉 Distributes traffic across multiple servers so no single machine melts.
Example: 1M req/s split across 200 servers = only 5k req/s each.
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2️⃣ Horizontal Scaling
👉 Add more servers when traffic spikes instead of upgrading one big server.
Example: Black Friday? Spin up 50 more API nodes in seconds.
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3️⃣ Caching Layer
👉 Serve frequent reads from Redis/Memcached to avoid DB overload.
Example: User profile cached → avoids 10M database hits/day.
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4️⃣ CDN for Static Content
👉 Images and static assets load from edge servers near the user.
Example: A user in Delhi gets images from a Delhi CDN node.
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5️⃣ Async Processing (Queues)
👉 Push heavy tasks to Kafka/SQS so API responds instantly.
Example: Payment API returns fast → receipt email sent in background.
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6️⃣ Database Sharding
👉 Split huge datasets across multiple DB shards to scale reads/writes.
Example: Users A–M on shard 1, N–Z on shard 2.
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7️⃣ Rate Limiting
👉 Block or throttle abusive clients to protect server capacity.
Example: “100 requests/sec limit” prevents bots from killing the API.
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8️⃣ Lightweight Payloads
👉 Reduce JSON response size to cut latency and bandwidth.
Example: Return only “id, name, price” instead of 20 unnecessary fields.
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[API Design] [System Architecture] [API Scaling] [1 Million RPS] [Distributed Systems] [Load Balancing] [Database Sharding] [High Availability]
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