11.7K
CIReplication fork & Okazaki fragments 🔥 #genetics
#neet2025 #nursing #pharmacy #replication #dna
@cible_classes
#Replication Fork
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BI💬 Comment “DNA” to get notes on DNA Replication! 🧬✨
Ready? Let’s make replication feel like a fun mission, not a boring chapter 😄👇
🧠 DNA Replication = The cell’s “copy & backup” before division ✅
So both new cells get the same genetic instructions 📚🧬
⸻
🚪 1) Start Point: Origin of Replication 📍
Replication begins at specific spots called origins → DNA opens up from here 🔓
🌀 2) Unzipping the Helix
🧩 Helicase = the zipper opener 😮💨➡️
It breaks hydrogen bonds & creates a replication fork 🍴
🛡️ SSB Proteins hold strands apart like clips 🧷 so they don’t re-join!
⸻
🧱 3) Primer Setup (Because polymerase needs a start!)
🛠️ Primase lays down a tiny RNA primer 🧷
Think of it as the “start button” ▶️
⸻
🏗️ 4) Building New DNA (5’ → 3’ only!)
👷 DNA Polymerase adds nucleotides using base-pair rules:
🔸 A ↔ T 💞
🔸 C ↔ G 🤝
⚡ Leading strand = smooth continuous build 🛣️
🐢 Lagging strand = built in pieces (Okazaki fragments) 🧩🧩🧩
⸻
🧼 5) Clean-up + Joining
🧹 Primers removed & replaced with DNA 🔁
🧷 DNA Ligase = the glue gun 🔫✨
It seals Okazaki fragments into one continuous strand 🧬✅
⸻
🎯 Final Result (Super important!)
✅ Two identical DNA molecules
Each one = 1 old strand + 1 new strand 🧬♻️
That’s Semi-Conservative Replication 💡
🧠💬 Quick quiz (comment answers!) 😄
1️⃣ Which enzyme “unzips” DNA? 🔓
2️⃣ Which enzyme “glues” fragments? 🧷
3️⃣ DNA is built in which direction? ➡️
🎥 by yourgenome(yt)
@biotechnologyguy
1.2M
AMIf you’re wondering too it’s on my bio 💖
@ameliepvris
4.7K
RYThis is a fork
@ryaneditbutter
608.2K
THFollow🎖️Molecular Biology of the Gene (Watson et al.)
DNA Replication: The Molecular Assembly Line! 🧬
During elongation, DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing DNA strand. But there’s a catch—this enzyme can’t start from scratch! A short RNA primer is laid down first, providing a starting point.
🟢 Leading Strand: Synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork.
🟡 Lagging Strand: Built in Okazaki fragments, each needing its own RNA primer before being connected by DNA ligase.
Despite these challenges, the cell’s replication machinery ensures that our genetic information is copied with remarkable accuracy!
#DNA #Genetics #Biology #MolecularBiology #Biochem #DNAReplication #PreMed #DNAPolymerase #Science
@thatcoolprofessor
2.9M
BIword on my nucleotides source fun biology "During elongation, an enzyme called DNA polymerase adds DNA nucleotides to the 3' end of the template. Because DNA polymerase can only add new nucleotides at the end of a backbone, a primer sequence, which provides this starting point, is added with complementary RNA nucleotides. This primer is removed later, and the nucleotides are replaced with DNA nucleotides. One strand, which is complementary to the parental DNA strand, is synthesized continuously toward the replication fork so the polymerase can add nucleotides in this direction. This continuously synthesized strand is known as the leading strand. Because DNA polymerase can only synthesize DNA in a 5' to 3' direction, the other new strand is put together in short pieces called Okazaki fragments. The Okazaki fragments each require a primer made of RNA to start the synthesis. The strand with the Okazaki fragments is known as the lagging strand. As synthesis proceeds, an enzyme removes the RNA primer, which is then replaced with DNA nucleotides, and the gaps between fragments are sealed by an enzyme called DNA ligase." #biology #dna #genetics #premed #biochem #dnapolymerase #replication
@biochemedits
1.6M
BIDNA helicase and polymerase work cooperatively at the replication fork to perform leading-strand DNA synthesis.
First, an enzyme called a DNA helicase separates the two strands of the DNA double helix. This forms a structure called a replication fork that has two exposed single strands. Other enzymes called DNA polymerases then use each strand as a template to build a new matching DNA strand.
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Source | link. https://youtu.be/X_tYrnv_o6A?si=3rF-Y2rrFDg0Hnq6
#biology #molecularbiology #cellandmolecularbiology #biologystudent #medicalstudents
@biologyscienc
149.2K
STDNA replication is a very complex operation performed by cells, which involves thousands of compounds, structures proteins and mechanisms.
Due to it's complexcity, we still have not fully figured out how the entire process occurs, but we know the general high level processes and flow of DNA replication.
I'm not going to go into all of it, but heres the basic flow.
DNA is stored in tightly wound and packed structures in the neucleus. When replication occurs, this structure is unpacked and the DNA strands are opened up.
Once this occurs, the helical strands of DNA are unzipped at a point by an enzyme called helicase. The point of unzipping is known as a 'replication fork'. The replication fork moves along the DNA strand as it is being copied.
Another enzyme called DNA polymerase then starts copying one half of the unzipped double helix DNA strand.
The two half strands have a property 'antiparallel-ness', where they run in opposite directions. If we think of this as them having a start and an end, one half strand has its start on the left and end on the right, and the other has its start on the right and it's end on the left.
The enzyme DNA polymerase however, can only run in one direction, say start to end, and add onto the end of an existing strand that it is copying to. Due to this, when the double helix is being copied, one DNA polymerase runs in one direction along its strand copying the DNA, while another DNA polymerase runs in the opposite direction copying the other half of the DNA double helix.
The copied half attaches to the original, which ends up making two copies of the same DNA double helix, with each copy having a half of the old strand and the other half being newly copied.
This process occurs at several points along a given DNA strand. When two forks run into eachother along the DNA strand, the DNA copying systems of both forks dissasemble, as they have done their part in copying the DNA strand.
Once the process is complete along the entire DNA strand, the DNA can be recoiled and repackaged for later use.
Have a nice day :)
#memes #meme #stemeducation #biology #sciencememes
@stem.memes4u
672
NI“DNA Replication 🔁✨ — The amazing process that copies our genetic code with incredible accuracy! From helicase unwinding to polymerase building new strands, life literally begins with replication. 💫🧬 #NiasBiology”
#DNAReplication #MolecularBiology #Genetics #DNA #BiologyFacts
#ScienceReels #StudyGram #BioStudent #LifeScience
#CellBiology #ReplicationFork #DNApolymerase #OkazakiFragments
#Biotech #CSIRNET #CSIRNETLifeScience #NiasBiology
@nia_s_biology
240
ST🧬 Helicase and DNA
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It contains the code that tells cells how to grow, function, and reproduce. DNA is made up of two strands twisted together in a shape called a double helix, with base pairs (A with T, and G with C) holding the strands together like the rungs of a ladder.
But how do these strands separate so the DNA can be copied when a cell divides? That’s where an important enzyme called helicase comes in.
🔧 What is Helicase?
Helicase is a special enzyme whose job is to unzip the DNA. It breaks the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs, allowing the two strands to separate. This process creates what’s called a replication fork, where each strand can be used as a template to make a new strand.
You can think of helicase like the hand that unzips a zipper — it opens up the DNA so that it can be copied.
⚙️ Why is Helicase Important?
Without helicase, the cell wouldn’t be able to copy its DNA, and cell division wouldn’t be possible. That means growth, healing, and reproduction would all stop. So even though it works quietly in the background, helicase plays a vital role in keeping life going.
🧠 In Summary:
Helicase is one of the many amazing enzymes in the cell. It helps start the process of DNA replication by opening up the DNA strands, allowing the cell to copy its genetic code accurately. This precise work shows the incredible complexity and organization of life at the molecular level.
#medicine #meme #funny #dna #helicase #enzymes #fyp #viral #medschool #studywithamjad #doctorlife #medicaljourney #trending #foryoupage
@studywithamjad_
314.9K
WOHelicase is an essential enzyme during DNA replication. It performs the function of unzipping the double-stranded DNA so that each strand can serve as a template for replication.
Step-by-step Process:
1. Binding to the Origin of Replication:
Helicase binds to specific regions on DNA called origins of replication, where replication begins.
2. Breaking Hydrogen Bonds:
Helicase moves along the DNA molecule and breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs (A-T and G-C), separating the two strands.
3. Creating the Replication Fork:
This unwinding forms a Y-shaped structure called the replication fork, where the DNA is split into two strands — a leading strand and a lagging strand.
4. Energy Requirement:
The unwinding process requires energy in the form of ATP, which helicase hydrolyzes to move and function.
5. Assistance from Other Proteins:
Single-Stranded Binding Proteins (SSBs) stabilize the unwound strands.
Topoisomerase relieves the tension ahead of the fork caused by helicase activity.
Follow @world_of_biology_wob ♥️
#dnahelicase #Biotechnology #science #medical
@world_of_biology_wob
16.9K
SAGuys please don't scroll away Mischa's waiting for your support, just 10 dollars from your next paycheck can give her another chance at life 🥹 please donate link in bio 🙏🏻
@savemischafromcancer
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